Moral Health

Thursday, 31 August 2006

Greed, Playing the Race Card, & Modern Society

Filed under: Articles — Laurence Thomas @ 18:44

I need not tell you that we are living in an increasingly self-centered society.  You would have to be dead not to have figured that out.  Why, we barely pay lip service these days to the virtues of selfless behavior.  Human beings have never been perfect.  But there have been moral high ideals.  And that is not a trivial reality.  The difference between high moral ideals and no moral ideals is the difference between moral shame and no shame at all.  It is the difference between there being aspirations for moral excellence and the complete absence of such aspirations.

We see the corrupt character of society in the tendency on the part of everyone to blame anyone other themselves for anything that goes wrong.  Being a victim has become a work of art.  It is not about what is true; it is about what one can do to get someone to cough up money one’s behalf.  One need not have been wronged.  It suffices that one can manipulate others to offer one “compensation” for damages, anyhow.

On a recent program, someone maintained that McDonald’s, for instance, should be required to post signs in its restaurants saying that its food is unhealthy, because it is conducive to gaining weight.  If we cannot hold people accountable for what they voluntarily put in their mouths for food consumption, then what can we hold people accountable for?  Nothing at all.

On one of the cans of deodorant that I have, there is the warning that the contents of the can are “For external use only”.  Well, I don’t know when I ever so much as had the fantasy to use deodorant internally, let alone to have actually entertained the thought of doing so.  I can’t even get a grip on how deodorant could be for anything other than external use.  But this is a law suit moment.

Finally, in this regard, displays of emotion mean absolutely nothing these days.  That has become a kind of performance art.  I abuse a product—say I use a can of deodorant to prop up the hood of my car up.  But when the can bursts and a piece of metal flies into my eye, I go into a fit of hysteria in the name of the product have been defective.

It is against this backdrop that we might look at the phenomenon of playing the race card.  I can think of lots and lots of cases of genuine racism.  I can also think of lots and lots of cases when what is called an instance of racism is not that at all.  Rather, the charge of racism is used as a cover for wrongdoing itself.

Using the charge of racism as a cover for wrongdoing is but another way of getting ahead in a society that valorizes self-interest over moral values.  It is a way of diffusing blame or avoiding either responsibility or punishment entirely.

A black man attempts to rob a white woman.  However, she is black belt in martial arts and whips his ass.  When the police arrive, the black man goes into a fit of hysteria over having been a victim of racism.  Of course, the charge makes no sense at all.  But that truth is utterly irrelevant.

But what is difference between that and parents defending their child in school when the child’s behavior is obviously inappropriate?  Well, not much in the end.

True, talk about racism raises the social decibels quite a bit.  In the end, though, what we have is the very same phenomenon: people attempting to excuse wrongdoing by any means available.  Rich parents using the threat of a lawsuit to protect their child from punishment for the wrong he committed are no different, at the most basic fundamental level, from blacks using the charge of racism to avoid punishment for a wrong that they have committed.

There is this difference, though.  Owing to the way in which opportunity presents itself, blacks are more likely to commit crimes against other blacks than whites.  Thus, the irony is that using the charge of racism to avoid punishment has a most deleterious impact upon the black community.  This, I think, is one of the sights at the very heart of Juan William’s new book Enough. The difference, though, is that the point applies with equal force to poor white communities.

Whites from down-trodden poor white communities are not harming poor blacks or rich whites.  Such whites are harming the members of their own community.  Of course, these white cannot play the race card.  But they manage to excuse their atrocious immoral behavior all the same.  If the game is about excusing atrocious immoral behavior, it is irrelevant whether the means by which one does that is money, the race card, or anything else.

This is a de Tocqueville moment, as the absence of foresight on the part of lawyers, judges, and juries is having an utterly devastating upon the moral climate of America.

There are lots and lots of individual “gains” in the sense that a person either receives some form of “compensation” or avoids being held responsible for his wrongful behavior.  But as a result of the individual “gains” of this sort a dark cloud of moral decay is casting itself over society.  Increasingly, people see no reason to act morally precisely because ostensibly acting moral does not so much as even gain them respect.

For we now look up to those who can beat the system.  They have become our symbols of sophistication and shrewdness.  They are the ones to emulate.  By contrast, those who do what is right regardless are dismissed as suffering from some form of intellectual constipation.

Here is a simple truth.  We cannot admire evil and expect righteousness to prevail.  Short term gain here is none other than a recipe for a moral climate that ravishes the soul of everyone.

Whether white or black, though, the communities of the worse off in the end suffer the most.  In his book Enough, Williams grasped the truth of this point with regard to blacks.  I have had the temerity, as is my want, to extend the point to the worse-off generally.

Sunday, 27 August 2006

Bianca Ryan: The Good of Talent; The Good of Modesty in Appearance

Filed under: Articles — Laurence Thomas @ 11:26

If singing is a gift from God, then Bianca Ryan has surely been directly anointed by God himself.  I cannot recall ever hearing a voice so powerful.  I cannot recall ever hearing an 11-year old with such voice control, to say nothing of having a tidal-wave like range.  Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I most certainly would not have believed it.

There was Judy Garland’s classic rendition of “Over the Rainbow”.  And to this day, it is next to impossible for me to listen to that song without a tear or two finding its way to the corner of my eyes.  Singing at its absolute best is none other than the ability to bring forth emotions on the part of the listener—often in spite of himself.  We all have feelings that we manage to control.  Singing at its very best undoes the complete self-control that we are normally able to exercise.

Sometimes, we are moved owing to the sheer purity of sound that is produced.  One can’t quite believe that a human voice is actually producing that quality marvelous sound.  Sometimes we are moved owing to the range that is reached.  In this case, the singer is singing most mellifluously at one pitch, and then goes to another pitch that is so high or so low that did not think it was possible for a human being to maneuver from the one pitch to the other in a flawless manner. (more…)

Wednesday, 23 August 2006

An Email from Aziz Al-Maan about Zionists, Jesus, and the Wall of Jerusalem

Filed under: Articles — Laurence Thomas @ 11:13

The entire unsolicited email –as it was sent to me at my Syracuse University Maxwell email address– is printed here.. You my contact Mr. Al-Maan whom I do not know at all by clicking on his email address below.

Please note that I did not highlight any passage in the text


From: Aziz Al-Maan mailto:almaan_h@yahoo.com
Sent: Wed 23/08/2006 02:55
To: lmartin@rice.edu; lmartininCT@aol.com; lmccarty@indiana.edu; lmg2005@columbia.edu; lmh1@ksu.edu; lmharvey@ksu.edu; lmk25@pitt.edu; LMMaxwell@tntech.edu; lmorris@howard.edu; lmp7@pitt.edu; lms34@pitt.edu; lmyoung@montana.edu; lnissen@uark.edu; LNorris@tntech.edu; lobo@rice.edu; Lockwood@uwyo.edu; lofox@saclink.csus.edu; lomonaco@polisci.umn.edu; lonce@polsci.umass.edu; longrob@auburn.edu; look@uky.edu; lopez@indiana.edu; lorch@fas.harvard.edu; Loree_Bykerk@unomaha.edu; lorenz@legal.umass.edu; loretta.edwards@umontana.edu; lorib@sltrib.com; loriliai.biernacki@colorado.edu; lorozco@clunet.edu; lostarly@selu.edu; louis.hayes@umontana.edu; lovitt@csus.edu; lpalmer@rice.edu; lperini@vt.edu; lpp923@yahoo.com; lpphilli@indiana.edu; lrichter@ksu.edu; lrjackson@howard.edu; lrmatos@gwu.edu; LRMiller@csustan.edu; lroka@cc.usu.edu; ls2168@columbia.edu; lsalcoff@syr.edu; lsavion@indiana.edu; lsideris@indiana.edu; lsilber@unr.edu; lskalnes@uoregon.edu; lsm@cs.indiana.edu; lsmith@polisci.umn.edu; Laurence Thomas; ltrayno@boisestate.edu; lubinskyc@uncw.edu; lucash@unr.edu; lucey@unr.edu; ludger.viefhues@yale.edu; ludmila.torlakova@msk.uib.no; luj1@pitt.edu; lupo@csus.edu; lwright@howard.edu; lyahng@indiana.edu; lynn.ross-bryant@colorado.edu; lynn_lindholm@und.nodak.edu; lyount@uoregon.edu; lysteven@vt.edu; m.baumer@csuohio.edu; m.plax@csuohio.edu; ma2188@columbia.edu; mabrown@syr.edu; mac85@pitt.edu; macavoyl@etsu.edu; stenstad@etsu.edu; machinis@fas.harvard.edu; mackhan@comcast.net; macleanl@indiana.edu; macmanus@cas.usf.edu; magansc@ilstu.edu; maktunc@vt.edu; malhieh@indiana.edu; mamohammad@mail.utexas.edu;manakia@fas.harvard.edu

Subject: A new miracle of Jesus Christ: the wall of Jerusalem.

A New Miracle of Jesus Christ:

The Wall of Jerusalem

In the past, when an enemy came with his army on a city, the citizens of the city will build a wall around their city, or dig a trench, or make an embankment; in order to protect their city from the enemy.

Therefore, it is the citizens of the city who will build the wall; but of course, it is not the enemy; because the enemy intends to conquer that city and intrude it.

But now see this miracle of Jesus that he said about Jerusalem in the Gospel, according to Luke, 19: 43

1. King James Version:

“For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side.”

2. American Standard Version:

“For the days shall come upon thee, when thine enemies shall cast up a bank about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side.”

3. International Standard Version:

“For the days will come when your enemies will build walls around you, surround you, and close you in on every side.”

4. Bible in Basic English:

“For the time will come when your attackers will put a wall round you, and come all round you and keep you in on every side.”

Therefore, if we investigate this Biblical verse in all these versions, we shall discover that:

a- In all these versions, it is the enemy that will build the wall.

b- In James Version, they called it a trench.

c- In the American Standard Version, they called it a bank.

d- In the International Standard Version, they called it walls.

e- In the Bible in Basic English, they called it a wall.

This is because the original word is something like wall or dam or embankment, so each translator translated according to his understanding.

This prophecy of the Christ is related to something that will happen after him; therefore, we exclude Nabuchodonosor and the captivity of Babylon, that was before the Christ. Moreover, Titus, the Roman leader who came at 71 AD, did not dig a trench or build any wall, but he destroyed every building in the city of Jerusalem including the wall of the city. But the city wall had been present already before the coming of Titus, and had been built by the people of Jerusalem.

In fact, this prophecy is related to the present wall constructed by Zionists: the enemy of Jerusalem, the evil enemy of Jesus and Mohammed, the malignant and wild gang who kill civilians in Lebanon and Palestine –  no matter what they are: children, women, old men and every cattle and plant.

This wall, which has deceitfully and cunningly been constructed by Zionists  to besiege Jerusalem, and designed as a plot against the Holy mosque at Jerusalem in which the name of God alone is mentioned with celebration, praise and glorification. There is not any idol, statue, picture or image in the Holy mosque of God at Jerusalem; but it is God alone that is worshipped and served there: God Who is the Creator, the Almighty, Most Gracious, Most Merciful, the All-Knowing, the Most Forgiving, the One, the Eternal; while all prophets – including Moses, Jesus and Mohammed – are respected.

Such Zionists are the enemies, of both Jesus and Mohammed, and are certainly the enemy of God and humanity, prior to anything else.

This wall is not a mere wall, (and this is another miracle of Jesus Christ), but a trench also, and moreover, it is an embankment and barbed wire; that has purposely been constructed to besiege Jerusalem and its Holy Mosque of God.

Then, when the prophecy in the Gospel and the Quran will be fulfilled, nobody may sympathize with Zionists: the demon worshippers [: the Kabbala]: the enemy of God and His apostles: Jesus, Mohammed and the killers of many prophets!

God-be exalted- said in the Quran, chapter 17: 5-9

(æ ÞóÖóíúäÇ Åáì Èäí ÅÓÑÇÆíáó Ýí ÇáßÊÇÈö áóÊõÝÓöÏõäøó Ýí ÇáÃÑÖö ãÑøÊóíäö æ áóÊóÚáõäøó ÚõáõæøÇð ßÈíÑÇð (5) ÝÅÐÇ ÌÇÁó æÚÏõ ÃæáÇåõãÇ ÈóÚóËäÇ Úáíßã ÚÈÇÏÇð áäÇ Ãæáí ÈÃÓò ÔÏíÏò ÝÌÇÓõæÇ ÎöáÇáó ÇáÏøöíÇÑö æ ßÇäó æÚúÏÇð ãóÝÚæáÇð (6) Ëõãø ÑóÏóÏúäÇ áßã ÇáßÑøÉó Úáíåã æ ÃãúÏóÏúäÇßã ÈÃãæÇáò æ Èäíäó æ ÌÚóáúäÇßã ÃßËÑó äóÝöíÑÇð (7) Åäú ÃÍúÓóäÊõã ÃÍúÓóäÊõã áÃäÝõÓößã æ Åäú ÃÓÃÊã ÝáåÇ ÝÅÐÇ ÌÇÁó æÚÏõ ÇáÂÎöÑÉö áíÓæÁæÇ æÌæåóßã æ áíóÏÎáæÇ ÇáãÓÌÏó ßãÇ ÏÎáæåõ Ãæøáó ãÑøÉò æ áíõÊóÈøöÑõæÇ ãÇ ÚáóæÇ ÊÊúÈíÑÇð(8) ÚÓóì ÑÈøõßã Ãäú íóÑÍóãóßã æ Åäú ÚõÏÊõã ÚõÏúäÇ æ ÌóÚóáúäÇ Ìåäøãó ááßÇÝÑíäó ÍóÕíÑÇð.)

The explanation:(4-And We have decreed to the children of Israel in the Book [the Quran]: You will surely work corruption in the earth twice, and you will become great tyrants.

5-So when the time for the first of the two will come, We shall rouse against you slaves of Ours of great might who will go about in the country, and it is a threat [that will inevitably be] performed.

6-Then We [shall] give you [:the Israelites] once again your turn against them [:the Moslems] and aid you with wealth and children and make you more numerous. [Saying to you]: If you do good, you do good for yourselves, and if you do evil, it is for them [in like manner.]

7-So, when the time for the last [of the judgments] will come [We shall rouse the Moslems against you] to do evil to your chiefs, and to enter the Mosque as they [would] have entered it the first time, and to destroy what [buildings and constructions] they made high.

8-It may be that your Lord will have mercy on you, but if you return [to your corruption] We will return [to take revenge on you], and We have made hell a prison for unbelievers [to encompass and imprison them].)

This is also confirmed by the saying of Jesus Christ, the son of Mary-peace be on him- in Luke’s Gospel, chapter 21

” 20 And, when you shall see Jerusalem compassed about with an army then know that the desolation thereof is at hand.

21-Then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains; and those who are in the countries not enter into it.

22-For these are the days of vengeance, that all things may be fulfilled, that are written.

23- But woe to them that are with child and give suck in those days; for there shall be great distress in the land and wrath upon this people.

24-And they shall fall by the edge of the sword and shall be led away captives into all nations, and Jerusalem shall be trodden down by the Gentiles till the times of the nations be fulfilled.”

Therefore, when the prophecy in the Gospel and the Quran will be fulfilled, nobody may sympathize with such criminals as the Zionists.

Friday, 18 August 2006

Günter Grass: Wrongdoing, Righteousness, and Testimony

Filed under: Articles — Laurence Thomas @ 18:45

But for the grace of God go I.  The idea behind this expression is very simple and very humbling.  It points to the reality that so often in life our good fortune and upright character is not so much a result of our own will and unfailing determination, but owes much to circumstances over which we had absolutely no control.  It is as true as anything could possibly be about human beings that had each of us been born at a different time and era, we would have quite different sentiments regarding a host of things.  Had any of us lived 200 years ago, say, any number of us would have thought that “Women are meant to be subordinate to men”; or “Jews are morally inferior”; or “Blacks are intellectually inferior”.

Had any of us been born in Germany and lived through the Nazi era, there can be no doubt that a great many of us would have held some horrendous thoughts about individuals who were not Aryan.  Not everyone did.  Raoul Walllenberg is a most remarkable exception in this regard: a non-Jew who saved a great many Jews.  And, of course, we all know about Oscar Schindler.  He was far from being an upright man.  In fact, he had a keen eye for swindling people.  Nonetheless, Schindler was moved to save many Jews.  Some say as many as 1200.  Alas, these folks are the exceptions that prove the rule.  After all, there could not have been a Nazi era had most denizens of that era been like these two individuals.

So notwithstanding the fact that we rightly regard Nazis as despicable human beings, the question of moral blame is not settled just like that.  Most of us hold a view that it is always possible for a person to find the wherewithal to prevent himself or herself from becoming a despicable human being.  Unfortunately, the truth of this view is far from obvious.  Indeed, we cannot have it both ways.  If decent upbringing makes all the difference in the world for the better, then it surely follows that the systematic absence of decent upbringing is apt to render a person morally repugnant.  But who is to be blamed for the fact that a child does not receive decent upbringing?  Surely not the child.

gunter-grass

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This, alas, brings me to the case of Günter Grass —a 1999 Nobel Prize winner for literature.  It turns out the he has recently acknowledged that he had served in the Waffen SS during World War II.  This is significant because the Waffen SS had a reputation for committing war crimes.

For some, this truth is all that it takes to excoriate Grass’s moral character and to consign him to Dante’s last level of hell.  But this line of thought is, I think, too quick; and I arrive at this conclusion by way of the considerations that I advanced in the first few paragraphs of this entry.  There can be moral evolution; and we must allow for that.  I am vehemently opposed to what I shall call the knee-jerk blame syndrome.  This is when the words “nazi” and “racist” and “sexist

” do all the work.  Neither one of these modes of being is an all-or-nothing matter.

In his book Nazi Doctors, Robert J. Lifton tells the story of Ernst B., a Nazi who worked in the concentration camps whose attitude towards Jews was decent enough that they testified on his behalf, winning an acquittal for him.  Yet, Lifton reports that Ernst B. was a committed Nazi and remained so even as he was being interviewed years later by Lifton himself.

There are Nazis and there are Nazis.  And one question we have to ask is: (1) What did Grass do as a Nazi—as a member of the Waffen SS?  As the case of Ernst B. shows: (a) the answer to that question is of the utmost importance and (b) being a Nazi does not settle what the answer to that question is.  Then there is another question we have to ask: (2) What did Grass do after having served as a member of the Waffen SS?

If the answer to (1) turns out to be that he was not

oriously vicious, then it is apt not to matter what the answer to (2) turns out to be.  Ernst B. was not notoriously vicious as a Nazi; and that is why Jews, being grateful for what little humanity anyone showed them, testified on his behalf at the Nuremberg trials.

Now, suppose that as a member of the Waffen SS, Grass was rather like Ernst B.  Then the answer to (2) becomes very interesting, indeed.

As it happens, we know that Grass often served as a moral voice in Germany—a voice that would not let Germany forget its hideous past.  One can hardly quibble with that.  What is at issue, then, is whether we have a case of despicable hypocrisy here.

In order to criticize others morally or even to serve as a moral voice, it is hardly necessary to have a flawless moral past.  Quite the contrary, the fact that one has some first-hand familiarity of the evil about which one speaks can be to one’s advantage, when it is known that one found the wherewithal to distance oneself from that evil.

If Grass had joined the Waffen SS and had found a way to distance himself from the atrocities that it committed, we would find that admirable.  The problem, alas, is that his silence for more than 4 decades invites the suspicion that perhaps the very opposite is true.  A lot depends on how the story goes.

There can be extraordinary social pressure to “volunteer”.  One has a choice not to, but one pays dearly for choosing not to do so.  Aristotle reminds us that there can be voluntary behaviors of this sort, as when one chooses to throw cargo overboard in order to keep the ship afloat.  Grass could have volunteered under circumstances such as this; and then found a way to distance himself from the ac

tivities of the Waffen SS.  This would have made him more like Ernst B. than not.

This would have no doubt tainted Grass somewhat, but I doubt if it would have truly diminished his moral standing; for it will be remembered that we are talking about someone who was still in his teens.

Suppose that at 17 I had joined the KKK because my parents would otherwise have disowned me, but I was brilliant at keeping my distance from the horrendous things they did.  I doubt very seriously if you would think that my moral character was particularly sullied, though it will be true that I had a choice.  The point, obviously, is that we in fact do understand that people—especially young people—accede to some pressures to join this or that group.  But we also know that this does not settle matters, precisely because we also know that what one does afterwards makes all the difference in the world as to the kind of assessment we make.

Grass is obviously a v

ery intelligent man; and we already know that he was a flakhelfer.  These were youth forced to work on anti-aircraft batteries in 1944.  Such individuals often regarded themselves as unwilling participants in Hitler’s war efforts.  It is difficult to imagine that Grass did not consider the sort of scenario for joining the Woffen SS that I have described above.  And there is the rub.

I do not know what he did as a member of the Woffen SS.  Nor has anyone spoken to that.  No doubt his soon to be published memoirs will give us some idea.  Unfortunately, the cloud of suspicion will not go away; and one reason for that is that the kind of critical examination of his behavior that we could have done some 40 or even 20 years ago is no longer possible owing to the fact that so many of the individuals who could have spoken to his behavior have now passed on.

Being a flakhelfer was not an impediment to Grass having a moral voice; and I have argued that it is also the case that joining the Woffen SS need not have been an impediment to his having a moral voice, depending on what he did as a Woffen SS person.  The problem, unfortunately, is that it now looks as if there was a cover up.  And Günter Grass has no one to blame but himself for that reality.  For you see, insofar as Mr. Grass has a claim to being a righteous man, notwithstanding his having joined the Woffen SS, he has deprived us of those who could testify to it.

Ernst B. did not testify on his own behalf.  Jews from the camps did.  A fundamental moral principle is that no one gets the moral standing of being a righteous person simply by virtue of his own testimony.  One is rightly outraged if we must now wonder if Günter Grass has attempted to do just that.

Tuesday, 15 August 2006

Islam Made a Racist Out of Me

Filed under: Articles — Laurence Thomas @ 09:07

I should have known that it would happen sooner or later.  We live in complicated times; and it does not take much for it to be true that one is a racist.   Being black, and all, I naturally thought that I had a certain immunity here; for the word on the street is that blacks can’t be racist.  That was the old racism.  This is the new racism.  And by the standards of the new racism, I fear that I am a racist.  I must acknowledge this.  Otherwise, there is no hope of me ever overcoming my racist ways.

We should be careful to distinguish the new racism from the old racism.  The old racism was about making unwarranted claims regarding the moral or intellectual inferiority of a people.  Jews are evil; blacks are dumb; and so on.  The upright Jew or intellectually gifted black was the exception that proved the rule.  At least, by the old standards it turns out that I am not a racist.  I actually think that there are smart and dumb people of every hue and ethnicity.  But I digress.

The new racism, however, is quite different.  For according to the new racism, I am a racist simply in virtue of criticizing you (if you belong to the right group), no matter how warranted my criticism might be.  Or, any statistical generalization of a negative kind is held to be unwarranted, no matter how appropriate the generalization might be.  The new idea of racism is very complicated; and having just discovered that, according to it, I am also a racist, I trust that you will bear with me for not having the clarity that I should have regarding what I am.

For you see, it seems to be quite all right to say that “All whites are racist”, based upon some weak statistical inference regarding whites.  That is called simply telling the truth.  But the strongest statistical inference regarding a non-white that speaks to a negative feature is immediately hailed as racist.  As I have already indicated, I do not quite grasp this.  But you must remember that I am new at being a racist.  There is much to be learnt regarding my racist ways.

Speaking of statistical generalizations of a negative kind, there is the issue of terrorism.  Is every terrorist apt to be a Muslim?  Absolutely not.  But, and this is where my racism comes in, the probability of a terrorist being a Muslim seems mighty high (especially when it comes to acting against the interests of the United States).  Of course, we all know that Jews are exceedingly shrewd.  It is logically possible that Jews all over the world are engaging in one plot or the another to blow up American planes.  Worse, still: they could be manipulating Muslims.  But let us not go there.

I do not think for a moment that all Muslims are bad people.  It is quite silly for anyone to think that.  My neighbor in Paris is an Arabic Muslim; and I love him dearly; and there are lots and lots of things about which we disagree.  I have taught Muslim Arabic students.  In fact, one such student, now a professor, is thanked and acknowledged in some of my scholarship.

As I have said: I do not for a moment think that all Muslims are bad.  However, and here is where my racism comes in: I unequivocally think that the probability of a terrorist being a Muslim is incredibly high (especially when it is a matter of acting against the interests of the United States).  Can anyone be a terrorist?  Absolutely?  Anyone can commit suicide or be a sexual predator, too.  However, I do not go around acting as if every person whom I might meet is apt to commit suicide or is apt to be a sexual predator.  There are often tell-tale signs that a person is suicidal.  But not always.  Nonetheless, no one thinks to argue that it is rational to act as if everyone is going to commit suicide.  The same argument holds for sexual predators.

Alas, many people think, including many Muslims, that it is wrong to assert that a terrorist is more likely to be a Muslim than not (given the proviso mentioned).  I do not see this for the life for me.  And therein lies my racism.  For I think it is imminently rational to hold precisely the view tht a terrorist is more likely to be a Muslim than not.

Islamic fascists are recruiting people who would serve as would-be suicide bombers.  Muslim mothers have expressed delight that even their young children might die as a “martyrs”.  You know the story.  I do not know any other people or any group (religious or otherwise) behaving thusly.

The Oklahoma bombers, of course, are a reminder that not all acts of terrorism against the United States (say) are committed by Muslims.  Those guys are unquestionably white.  But once again, my racism gets the best of me: This is because to my mind they are the exceptions who prove the rule.  They behoove us not to be close-minded about matters.  However, they do not change the probability of things.

Here is neutral example.  For most Americans who were born and raised in the United States, it is highly unlikely that they are fluent in foreign language.  That there should some who are does not change the probability of things in this regard.  Thus, I have noticed that if you present an American passport at airport security in a foreign country (where English is not spoken), the agent will not even bother speaking to you to the language of that country.  For with rare exception that turns out to be a futile gesture and an enormous waste of time.

It seems to me that we have an analogous situation when it comes to Muslims being terrorists.  Accordingly, it seems to me that there is nothing at all racist in thinking that a Muslim is more likely to be a terrorist than not (especially as it pertains acting contrary to the interests of the United States).

This brings me to the frightening part.  As it turns out, it is not just that I am racist, but it would appear that I am a die-hard racist.  Why? Because I have no intentions whatsoever of rejecting the view that (when it comes to acting against the interests of the United States) a terrorist is much more likely to be a Muslim than not.

Lest, there be any misunderstanding, let me reiterate that it would be foolish to suspect only Muslims.  We must be vigilante; and that means we have to be mindful of the fact that anyone can be a terrorist.  But there is no way around the probabilities here.  Certainly no rational way.  But perhaps this is my racism surfacing and masquerading as rational thought.  I understand that racists are prone to that sort of behavior.  So the proof of my racism might lie in the very manifestations that come forth from my very own gray matter.

I have written this blog-entry without mentioning the words: racial profiling.  I have always supposed that there can be malicious racial profiling and virtuous racial profiling.  We have the former when, for example, officials suspect that murder was committed by a person of kind K, when there is not a shred of evidence that points to that.  We have virtuous profiling when there is an abundance of evidence that suggests that the murder was committed by a person of kind K and so that is the kind of person whom the officials seek to find (without supposing that all persons of kind K are murderers or evil or some such silly thing).

And now to make it personal, which is what racists always do: Surely no one has any reason think that I might be a terrorist.  And the reason for this is not just that I am not Muslim, but because if anyone followed my behavior either in Syracuse or in Paris, it is rather straight-up both where I go and what the people with whom I have ties are like in terms of their moral character.

I am making a point about profile.  And if it makes me racist, then so be it.  Anyone can do anything morally obnoxious.  But with some profiles, some morally obnoxious behaviors are less likely than others.  There is a fit, albeit not an absolutely iron-clad fit, between a person’s profile and a person’s moral character.  This is precisely why middle-aged black man, say, in a suit and tie thinks it absurd that any white woman would suppose that he is out to steal her pocketbook.  I do not see how we can have it both ways.

Alas, many Muslims insists that it is racist to assume that (when it comes to acting against the interests of the United States) a terrorist is most likely to be Muslim.  Since that is precisely what I think, you now know how and why it is that I came to see myself as a racist.

Thursday, 10 August 2006

70 Virgins in Heaven? Or What Black Slavery Tells Us about Islam

Filed under: Articles — Laurence Thomas @ 15:14

It is a striking feature of any religious tradition that heaven, of all places, should have anything to with sex. One does not get that in Judaism. One does not get that in Christianity. Indeed, it is a characteristic of both Judaism and Christianity to view sex as being at odds with the highest level of spiritual development. Sex: an extraordinary physical pleasure on earth, yes; but not the defining feature of a reward for being a righteous person in the world-to-come. There is not even the hint of a suggestion in the Old Testament, where both Judaism and Christianity have enough in common (nor in the New Testament), that God’s greatest spiritual reward in heaven has anything to do with sex. Moses Maimonides does not talk about sex in his “Epistle on Martyrdom” and Jesus is presented as an asexual holy man.

So the very fact that Islam has come to have the tradition that martyrs will be rewarded 70 virgins in heaven tells us much about the true character of Islam. It doesn’t matter that strictly speaking the Holy Qu’ran does not talk about 70 virgins. For that does not change the fact that the tradition itself is very much alive; and continues to be invoked in the name of committing all sorts of horrors. (more…)

70 Virgins in Heaven? Or What Black Slavery Tells Us about Islam

Filed under: Articles — Laurence Thomas @ 09:20

It is a striking feature of any religious tradition that heaven, of all places, should have anything to with sex.  One does not get that in Judaism.  One does not get that in Christianity.  Indeed, it is a characteristic of both Judaism and Christianity to view sex as being at odds with the highest level of spiritual development.  Sex: an extraordinary physical pleasure on earth, yes; but not the defining feature of a reward for being a righteous person in the world-to-come.  There is not even the hint of a suggestion in the Old Testament, where both Judaism and Christianity have enough in common (nor in the New Testament), that God’s greatest spiritual reward in heaven has anything to do with sex.  Moses Maimonides does not talk about sex in his “Epistle on Martyrdom” and Jesus is presented as an asexual holy man.

So the very fact that Islam has come to have the tradition that martyrs will be rewarded 70 virgins in heaven tells us much about the true character of Islam.  It doesn’t matter that strictly speaking the Holy Qu’ran does not talk about 70 virgins.  For that does not change the fact that the tradition itself is very much alive; and continues to be invoked in the name of committing all sorts of horrors.

Consider, for instance, that black slaves in the United States often appealed to Christianity as a form of underwriting their hope for a better world.  Indeed, it is well known that black slaves often viewed themselves on the order of a people to be delivered as the Old Testament reports that the Jews were delivered.  Heaven, though, is always characterized as a place free from the cares of this word, where blacks would enjoy a freedom that was heretofore unimaginable.  There has never been any talk about heaven “getting it on” in heaven.  You will find absolutely nothing in black folklore that even comes close to that.  Every black slave would have deemed such a characterization as utterly blasphemous.

So once again: The very fact that Islam has come to have the tradition that martyrs will be rewarded 70 virgins in heaven tells us much about the true character of Islam.

Now, like the next person, I believe in respecting religious traditions.  Alas, people keep forgetting that respect has to be merited.  One does not respect something merely because it is there.  After all, there are lots of things out there that are utterly fulsome.  Shall I respect child sexual abuse because someone claims that their religion calls for it?  I think not.

So here we have a religion that has a tradition the idea of which is that each man who becomes a martyr getting a reward of 70 virgins in heaven.  Now, what exactly am I supposed to respect about that?  Am I supposed to respect the idea that even in heaven we an Islamic tradition that places a premium upon men obtaining sexual pleasure?  Am I supposed to respect the idea that we have a tradition according to which women submit themselves to men even in heaven?  Or is it the characterization of heaven as a place where, at last, one can “get it on” forever?  Or, if I may dare ask: How exactly is being able to “get it on” forever spiritually elevating.  Or, finally, when I think of all the ways in which human beings can be excellent, how can it be that in heaven of all places such a premium is placed upon having sex?

Perhaps my last question undoubtedly reveals just how naïve I am.  But I remind you, though, that I did not make up the tradition of the 70 virgins.  And I further remind you that the tradition continues to be widely evoked.  Finally, it seems rather unlikely that most of Islam really opposes this tradition.  Here is how I know that.

To state the obvious: not all Jews are alike.  Indeed, there are some Jews who characterize themselves as being Jews for Jesus.  They even have a website: JewsforJesus.Org

It is most significant, though, that when we think of Jews, this group never comes to mind.  Respectfully, Jews for Jesus are a fringe group with respect to Judaism, be it Orthodox or Conservative or Reform Judaism.  Thus, if a person tells you that she is a Jew, there is no need to ask for clarification: “Do you mean a Jew for Jesus?”  Quite the contrary, if a person is a Jew for Jesus and does not say so in claiming to be a Jew, then she has been somewhat misleading.

So let us turn back to Islam and the 70 virgins.  Whether this tradition is fully sanctioned by the Holy Qu’ran or not, it is very much identified with Islam; and that would not be possible if (what might be called) mainstream Islam had distanced itself from the tradition, as the example of Jews for Jesus makes abundantly clear.

This brings me to the issue of violence.  Sex is a prurient interest.  And, of course, it is no accident that story is about 70 virgins for the male martyr.  For as we all know, a young man surfeited with sexual desire is willing to do an awful in order to obtain that satisfaction.  Not only that, what he wants is sexual satisfaction as opposed to a commitment.  And what could better speak to that state of mind than an offer of 70 virgins.  Finally, this offer is apt to be more appealing to the downtrodden than the well-off.  I doubt if Osama Ben Laden has trouble getting a virgin if he wants one.

So this tells us something rather malicious about Islam.  There is nothing in Judaism or Christianity that comes even remotely close to appealing to the downtrodden in this kind of way.  That is, neither religion makes an offer involving putting one’s life on the line that is more appealing to the downtrodden than the well-off.  Quite the contrary, it is typically characteristic of both religious traditions that the well-placed lead by example.  With Islam, it is the other way around: the martyrs are the downtrodden as the well-placed go on talking about sexual orgies in heaven.  Is there another way to character having sex with 70 people?

Again, black slavery in America is manifestly revealing here.  It certainly can be argued that white Christians used Christianity to elicit obedience on the part of black slaves to white slave owners.  But white Christians did not even come close to proposing any view of Christianity that would suggest that blacks would have an advantage in heaven if only they were to put their lives on the line for the sake of Christianity or white people.  Perhaps racism itself would never have allowed that.  And that itself may be revealing.  Still, the truth is that the height of racism in America, Christianity was never interpreted in such away as to make it appealing for blacks to take their lives.  This is a defining feature of Islam and only Islam.

And this brings us right up today’s moment in history.  Fortunately, an attempt to blow up numerous airplanes (perhaps as many as 10) traveling from the United Kingdom to the United States was foiled today, 10 August 2006.  The vast majority of the people traveling on those planes would have been innocent.  Is it any surprise, that a religious tradition that makes lasting sex a heavenly reward would be utterly indifferent to the killing of innocent lives?  Who is innocent and who is not is always tricky business.  But there has always been the presumption that civilians on airplanes are clearly among the innocent.  Islam rejects that presumption.

Now, I understand the claim that Islam has been hijacked by radicals.  But I havae drawn attention a tradition in Islam that has been very much alive for a very long time.  Alas, the existence of radicals does not suffice to explain that.  What is more, the very content of that tradition, namely obtaining 70 virgins for being martyr, makes it implausible that the tradition would accord a premium upon respecting innocent life.  For the tradition constitutes nothing more than a base appeal to prurient desire.  There is no reason whatsoever to think that a religious tradition which makes a base appeal to prurient desire is even apt to pay lip service to the idea of respecting innocent life.  And guess what: Islam does not even do that.  For Muslim Arabs have committed suicide bombings even at funeral services of other Muslims.

Jews have committed wars; and Christians have committed even more wars.  But the difference is that Islam is, in the end, essentially a warrior religion.  I offer as evidence of this two simple truths.  One is that no other religion recuits people for the purpose of turning them into killers, such as suicide-bombers.  The other is that no religion in modern times has shown more utter indifference to killing innocent human life than Islam.  And if I am right, this should come as no surprise.  For it is also the case that Islam is the only monotheistic religion that appeals to prurient interests in recruiting martyrs by turning heaven into an orgy for those who so sacrifice themselves.

A final comment: There are roughly 1 billion Muslims in the world.  If 900 million made it clear that this tradition of the 70 virgins is just so much nonsense, I can assure you that the tradition would not have the standing that it has; and I remind you of the example of Jews for Jesus as proof of this.  I further remind the reader of what I wrote about yesterday, namely tacit consent.  Deafening silence in the face of evil is consent.

The very idea of a sexual orgy heaven for those who sacrifice themselves utterly debases religion and the idea of heaven.  And it is foolish to deny this in the name of being open-minded.

Monday, 7 August 2006

Altruism versus Autonomy: Reflections on the work of Robert L. Trivers

Filed under: Articles — Laurence Thomas @ 11:08

Rorbert L. Trivers is regarded as one of the most seminal thinkers writing in the area of evolutionary theory.  His first three essay (1) “The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism”, (2) “Parental Investment and Reproductive Success”, and (3) “Parent-Offspring Conflict” pretty much assured him a standing of first-rank in the area.  These have all been collected in his book Natural Selection and Social Theory (Oxford University Press, 2002).  I shall argue in what follows that his work points to a most unanticipated thesis, namely that evolutionary theory favors altruism over autonomy.

By definition, a stable society is one that endures over time.  What is more conducive to a stable society, then: altruism or autonomy?  The answer most surely is autonomy.  The only way to block autonomy as an answer is to embrace a Kantian conception of autonomy (which woefully controversial); and it is clear that at the popular level folks simply do not mean the rich Kantian account of autonomy when they aver that blacks or women or people in general should be autonomous.  Let us call this the folk-conception of autonomy. (more…)

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